Week 15 Review: Staying Creative

My favorite item from some of the recent announcements is this picture showing 29 different ways to remain creative.

29 ways to stay creative; Week 13 Announcements

I think this is a great graphic that can help motivate people to find ways to harness their inner creative beast. Sometimes people lose motivation or run out of ways to think outside of the box, which is a normal thing that occurs to everyone now and then. This image can help kickstart the imagination and potentially help get the creative juices flowing. I know there are a few tips on there that I use myself in order to elevate my ability to think outside the box.

Famous Last Words: Week 15

Well, we've finally arrived at the final week and final day of the course. Naturally, I've procrastinated to the point where I'm up late at night finishing up the last few assignments needed in order to me to reach an A in the course. It's been a frantic dead week so far, with all my final exams being this week instead of next week (when finals week is actually scheduled to be). But I'm thankful to be finishing up with finals earlier than anticipated because I am so completely done with school. I honestly checked out of the semester a couple weeks ago and have barely been getting by the past two weeks. I'm definitely looking forward to my long awaited gap year while I wait to hear back from the optometry schools I will be applying to at the beginning of July.

My other classes have went well too, with only a short paper remaining for my communications class. Other than that, I'm done for the semester! It looks like I'll be ending my years as an undergrad pretty strong, since I managed a 4.0 this final semester. I'm proud of myself for sticking to it this semester and not letting my procrastination get the best of me. I gave myself a great chance to succeed this semester by getting my work done. I'm looking forward to summer break, although I'll be studying for the OAT and retaking a class. My family is planning on going on vacation to this summer so it will be a nice mini break until I'm back hitting the books. I also plan on shadowing and working in an optometry clinic this semester in order to gain more experience in the field. It was nice being in this class and getting the opportunity to learn more about other cultures and about the other students in this class. Have a great summer break!

Graduation is here; Flickr

Wikipedia Trail: From Divergent Thinking to Cerebrospinal Fluid

Divergent Thinking - I decided to search this term as I went back through the assignments and came across an image detailing two different types of thinking: divergent and convergent. According to Wikipedia, divergent thinking is a method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions. It is spontaneous and free-flowing.

Divergent thinking; Wikipedia

Convergent Thinking - After searching divergent thinking, I thought it was only right to also know what convergent thinking was. Convergent thinking generally means the ability to give the correct answer to standard questions that do not require significant creativity, according to Wikipedia. You can refer to standardized tests as examples.

Convergent thinking; Wikipedia

Electroencephalography - Next I came across this term, abbreviated EEG for short. Basically, it is a electrophysiological monitoring method used to record electrical activity of the brain. I thought this was interesting because it is so widely used in the medical field and also a vital part of many research studies.

EEG readings; Wikipedia

Cerebrospinal Fluid - After EEG, I came across CSF, which is a clear, colorless fluid found in the brain and spinal cord. It acts as a cushion or buffer for the brain, providing protection to the brain inside of the skull. It also is vital to many other important functions that the brain and nervous system are a part of.

Vials of human CSF; Wikipedia

Learning Challenge: Health/Happiness Cartoon

Advice from a tree; Learning by HEART

After looking through the images, I found this one above to be my favorite. I like it because it focuses on nurturing oneself and having a positive image of who you are. I think it also gives good advice on how to keep your mind in a state of peace when everything around you may be chaos. Life can be serious, but it can also be fun and enjoyable if you let it be.

Growth Mindset: Growing in All Classes

I see a lot of similar challenges between my classes at OU. Obviously there's the challenge of staying disciplined and turning in all work on time. By refraining from procrastinating, I have been able to get my work done in all classes in a timely manner, at least for the most part. I've also challenged myself to be more vocal and active during class discussions and participate more thoroughly. It's been a challenge that has applied to all my classes, not only this one. I think this is a great challenge that encourages you to improve in more than one way.

Growth mindset; Flickr

Tech Tip: Canvas Mobile App

I downloaded the Canvas app onto my iPhone last semester and it has been one of the most helpful apps on my phone. It's so convenient to be able access whatever materials you need for the class so easily. It's also come in hand in class when my laptop has died, and I need the lecture notes to follow along. I can just access the notes on my phone through the app! It's been quite the resource over the past year and I think I can say that Canvas is way better than D2L in terms of ease of use and accessibility.

Reading Notes (EC): Khasi Folktales

The Tiger and the Monkeys

I thought this was a nice little entertaining story about how the monkeys had outwitted the tiger. This story could definitely be the basis for a retelling, as it's got a lot of components that make it so good. My favorite part was how the monkeys decided to trick the tiger by dressing up a fake clay figure. It's quite bold and genius if you think about it. I didn't understand how the tiger could so easily "fall in love" with the singing of a tiny insect. I thought it made him blind and rash, which ultimately led to his beatdown by the monkeys. I thought the story highlighted the tiger as almost being the villain, due to his arrogant and self-centered nature. I think this story could be retold from the point of view of either the tiger or the monkey, which would give a new perspective and greater insight into their thoughts.

The Legend of the Lei Tree

I thought this was another interesting story in this unit about a tree that threatens to take over the livelihoods of people in the surrounding area. After much consideration, a handpicked group of men were sent to the tree in order to cut it down. No matter how hard they worked, all progress they had made was reversed at night as the bark regenerated. A bird comes and tells them that the reason that the tree keeps healing so quickly is because a tiger comes by to lick the trees wounds because he does not want it to be cut down. It helps him hide in the shadows when he hunts for prey. This story would also be a good one for retelling because there are multiple directions for the story to branch out into.

Hokenakal monkey; Wikimedia

Bibliography

Khasi Folktales by K.U. Rafy 

Portfolio Index

1. The Blizzard - A retelling of the classic tale of Noah's Ark.

2. Notscha vs. Sun Wu Kung - A story detailing the epic fight between Prince Notscha and Sun Wu Kung, the immortal monkey king.

3. Left Behind - An extension to the Apache creation stories with a wicked twist.

4. Mouse Escapes - A continuation to the Brothers Grimm stories with a taste of revenge.

Course Improvements

I kind of like the review weeks. It gives me a chance to catch up and evaluate how well I am doing in the class at the time. However, I can see the benefits that come with adding planning weeks into the schedule. I guess the preference would vary from student to student and I personally think the schedule is fine the way it is. The review weeks work out perfectly, at least for me. I do like the idea of including more audio recordings! I think that's a great idea. I was also wondering if there are any cartoons or little episodes that depict the stories. I think watching these myths as vidoes would be another fun way to learn about the different stories that comes from different cultures around the world. Tutorial videos would also be pretty helpful, but I think your instructions and links to helpful websites are already really beneficial. I don't see the harm in having tutorial videos to people who really want to improve their writing! As for the thematic reading units, I think I would've enjoyed being able to pick from themes rather than locations. It also gives students more options (or so it seems). Overall, I think all these suggestions seem great and could help the class in some way or form! I would really just like to see more video options implemented into the course.

Famous Last Words: Week 14

It's the end of the fourteenth week and everything is chaos once again, just like the beginning of the semester. I procrastinated quite a bit this semester, a product of senioritis no doubt. However, I would like to say that I did make some progress towards alleviating my habit of procrastinating, so all is not lost. As the semester comes to a close, I found myself wondering how much better I could have done or how differently I could've done other things in order to make it an even more successful semester. But at the end of the day, I think I did pretty well considering it was my last semester ever as an undergrad. My other classes are going alright, although my Capstone course has been tough! It's way more difficult than I was anticipating, but I've enjoyed it nonetheless for the most part. It's a relief to almost be done. I can definitely say that I'm looking forward to my gap year! I'll probably be studying for the OAT and working full-time, but I like knowing the fact that I don't have to worry about grades, assignments, and exams for a whole year.

As for my writing over the semester, I think my most creative work was about Cat and Mouse and the little feud they had. The story that I enjoyed the most out of the ones I wrote was the when where the old couple get left behind in the underworld. I struggled a bit more this year than when I took Epics of India when it comes to getting assignments done on time. I'll barely be pulling of an A this semester, when in the other class, I finished it early and had extra time to study for finals. I thoroughly enjoyed this class though, I think even more than Epics of India, because I was able to branch out and read other stories that I wasn't as familiar with. I ended the week with a bit of bad news, but overall, great week!

How I feel studying during dead week; Flickr

Week 14 Review: Procrastination

After backing up my blog, I came across an interesting post in the announcements. It was an image about time management and it was titled Stages of Procrastination. I thought the image was pretty accurate and I got a kick out of it because I'm guilty of procrastinating all the time. It kind of made me feel a little better knowing I'm not the only one who goes through these stages, although it could be avoided if I just planned my time better.

Stages of Procrastination; Learning by Heart

Tech Tip: Create a Pinterest Board

I actually forgot this was even an option as extra credit for this class. I have used Pinterest before, but only because I took Epics of India a couple years ago and it was an extra credit option back then too. I enjoyed this option so I figured why not try it again, even though there's only a week left in the class. Better late than never!

Link to Pinterest board: https://www.pinterest.com/parthjayaswal/mythfolklore-portfolio/

Reading Notes (EC): English Fairy Tales

Tom Tit Tot

I thought this was an interesting story that has the potential to be retold in a variety of ways. It was about a girl who was told to watch the pies her mom had made until they had softened again. The girl though, was impatient and ended up eating all five of the pies. The mother had no food to give the King, so he asks to marry the girl in exchange that she sows him things one month out of the year. The mother agrees and marries her daughter off to the king and for eleven months, the daughter is treated lavishly. At the beginning of the twelfth month, the king takes the girl to a room and tells her she must sow five things a day or else she will be killed. Unfortunately, the girl does not know how to see but a black creature appears out of nowhere and offers to sow for her as long as she can guess his name by the end of the month. She would have three guesses a day or else he would get to take her. So the girl takes this deal, but each day she got the name wrong and each day she got more and more nervous as the creature became more and more confident that she would not get his name. Then one day the king came by and said he had seen a tiny little black creature who had said his name was Tom Tit Tot. So on the last day, when the creature thought he had her, the girl told him his name and he took off, never to be seen again. I'm wondering what it would be like to tell this story from the creature or the king's perspective. It would be a cool concept to consider.

The small little black thing with a tail; UnTextbook

Bibliography

English Fairy Tales by Joseph Jacobs

Reading Notes (B): Brothers Grimm

The Queen Bee

This was a fun little story about two king's sons who go off in search of their fortune and life dreams. While away, they end up falling into a foolish life that prohibits them from going home. The third son, a dwarf, finds them and joins them on their journey through the world. Along the way, the two older brothers want to kill the ants, ducks, and bees they pass. However, the dwarf brother stops them from doing so. Eventually they arrive at a castle where an old man feeds them and allows them to sleep in his castle. The next day, the older brother is assigned to a task that holds the fate of  a lot of people in his hands. He fails, however, as does the second oldest brother. The dwarf brother, though, succeeds in completing the first task with the help of the ants he had saved from his older two brothers. He also completes the second and third tasks with the help of the ducks and bees he also saved from his brothers. The dwarf brother ends up marrying the best princess due to his heroic feat, while the other two brothers marry her two sisters. I thought this story was awesome because there were so many tasks to complete. I could use elements of this story for my story this week and create a fun little game show or something of the sort. I could also tell the story from the perspective of the old man who lives at the castle, which I think would be interesting to figure out.

The Twelve Huntsmen

I liked the idea of the all-knowing lion who kept telling the king that the huntsmen were actually girls. Everytime he tried to expose the girls, the servant would inform the girls of the upcoming task and they would fool the king deftly. I enjoyed the ending of the story because the king was finally reunited with his beloved first wife, whom he had only left because the previous king, his father, had asked him to marry another princess. This would also be an awesome story to expand or retell.

The King and his lion; HathiTrust

Bibliography

Grimm (LibriVox) from Fairy Tales by the Brothers Grimm

Reading Notes (A): Brothers Grimm

The Frog Prince

This was a story about a princess who lost her golden ball in a spring. She was so sad and upset she had lost it that she vowed to give up all her riches and clothes if she could get it back. A frog from inside the spring heard the princess wailing and offered to retrieve the golden ball for her on one condition: she would bring him to her house and let him eat from her plate and sleep on her bed. The princess was naturally wary of this frog, but she agreed to what he had said. However, once he had retrieved the golden ball, she was so overcome with relief and joy that she forgot all about the frog and ran off back home. The frog ended up showing up at the princess's house later that night and her father, the king, advised her to keep her word. So the frog ate from the princess's plate and slept in her bed on the same pillow she slept on for three days straight. On the third day, the princess was shocked to find that the frog has turned into a handsome prince! He explained how he had been cursed by a witch and now that he was normal again, he wanted to take the princess back to his kingdom and marry her. I thought this was a great story to build off of because I'm already familiar with it. There's so many modifications I could make to either make it more modern or to just continue the story.

Rapunzel

This story is one that I'm very familiar with and it brings back a lot of childhood memories. This could be a great basis for another story this week. I read a story by another student last week that built off of this one and it was one of the best stories I've read all semester so I'm excited to see what I could do with this story!

Rapunzel; Un-Textbook

Bibliography

Grimm (LibriVox) from Fairy Tales by the Brothers Grimm

Week 13 Storytelling: Mouse Escapes

"What do I do now?" thought Mouse as he spiraled down Cat's esophagus and into his stomach. He bounced a few times upon landing before finally coming to a stop. It was dark and moist inside Cat's stomach and there was also a strong, putrid acidic smell emanating from all sides.

Mouse was upset that he had been foolish enough to believe Cat's false stories. He should have known that Cat was leaving the house to eat all the food they had stored up for the winter. Cat wasn't even his real friend, now that he had tried to eat Mouse. Not only did Mouse not have any food for the winter, he was basically almost dead! He was lucky that Cat had swallowed him in a hurry instead of taking the time to properly chew him up. Now he had to find a way out before the digestive juices in Cat's stomach located him and tried to break him down! There was surely no way to combat the acid without suffering severe burns. He decided the only way out was to continue moving downstream through Cat's digestive system. Down Mouse went, through the stomach to the small and large intestines, and finally near the bladder where he knew he could exit.

In the bladder, Mouse was met with another rotten smell. This time he knew exactly what it smelled like even though he tried his hardest not to think about it. All he knew was that he had to escape before Cat's body did something to him that would lead to a slow, painful death. He plunged into Cat's bladder and made quite some progress before he was met with a dead-end. 

"Now what?" thought Mouse as he became more and more exasperated. He had to find a genius way to escape from the depths of Cat's digestive system, but the only thing he could think of was to chew his way out from inside Cat's body. He was a mouse after all, and mice are fortunate to have sharp teeth that can gnaw their way through many different things. It was a long shot, but he had to try: his life depended on it. So Mouse did the only thing he could: he bit into the insides of Cat and started to gnaw his way through to the outside. It wasn't an easy or clean task (I'll save you all the gory details), but with a little time and patience, Mouse burst through Cat and landed outside, back in the real world.

At the same time, Cat felt a sudden sharp pain in his lower stomach as Mouse burst out and fell to the ground. Cat was astonished! He had never seen anything like this. But Cat didn't have time to be surprised. He had a hole in his stomach and was bleeding out!

"Help me!" Cat yelled to Mouse in obvious pain.

Mouse took one quick glance at Cat and sped off. Who did Cat think he was to take advantage of Mouse, steal their food, and eat him with the intent to kill and then still try and ask for help? Mouse chuckled and went off to search for food and shelter in order to survive the winter season.

Tom and Jerry; Flickr

Author's Note

The original story, called Cat and Mouse in Partnership, is about a cat and mouse who decide to live with each other through the winter season. Together, they round up some food to save for winter and then store it inside a church so that no one dares to steal it. The next day, Cat makes up an excuse that he is to be a godfather and has to leave the house all day. In reality, Cat actually sneaks off to the church and eats the pot of fat that they foraged for and stored for the winter. When winter finally arrives and they're no longer able to find food outside, they head to the church to retrieve the pot of fat. Of course, Cat has eaten it all and Mouse becomes extremely angry when he pieces it together and realizes what had happened. However, before Mouse can say anything, it's already too late: Cat leans down and swallows Mouse whole. This is where the story leaves off in the original text. I wanted to write about what happens after to the Mouse. I didn't think it was sufficient for the Mouse to die so pathetically, so I decided to add an epic escape from inside Cat. I also wanted karma to come around and get Cat for being cruel, so that's why I decided to have Mouse just take off after he escaped. The original story also reminds me of the show Tom and Jerry, so that's why I included the image that I did.

Bibliography

Brothers Grimm from Grimm Brothers' Children's and Household Tales by Dan Ashliman

Reading Notes (EC): Brothers Grimm

Cat and Mouse in Partnership

This was an entertaining story about a cat and a mouse who decide to live with each other through the winter season. Mouse is good at heart, while Cat seems to be a little suspicious. Together, they both find a pot of fat that they hide in the church so that no one will dare steal. When winter comes and there's no food left to find outside, they will have plenty stored up in the form of that pot of fat. However, Cat is sneaky and everyday he leaves the house to go to the church and eat from the pot of fat. By the time winter comes around, the pot of fat is gone and the mouse ends up getting eaten by the cat too. I think this would be a great story to add onto or even modify. I liked how the Cat left the house saying he was to be a godfather, and when he came back he would say the name of the kitten was "Half-gone" or "All-gone", referring to how much of the fat was left after eating for the day. It was a very clever plan!

The Wolf and Seven Young Kids

This story was similar to the one about the wolf blowing down the houses of little piggies. However, there were a few major differences. Instead of blowing the houses down, the wolf decided to deceive the little piggies by changing aspects of his appearance. Eventually, this fooled the piggies and he swallowed them one by one. The mother found out and went looking for the wolf. When she found him, she cut his stomach open and all her kids were still miraculously alive in there. She refilled the wolf's stomach with stones and sewed him back up. When the wolf woke up, he was thirsty and went to the well for a drink. When we leaned over, the weight of the stones pulled him in and drowned him. I like the idea for this story because it's one about deceit and about the way "people really are". I could build off this story or rewrite it so it's more modern.

The cat deceives the mouse; Project Gutenberg

Bibliography

Brothers Grimm from Grimm Brothers' Children's and Household Tales by Dan Ashliman

Reading Notes (B): Celtic Fairy Tales

King O'Toole and His Goose

King O'Toole was an active old man whose health eventually began to fail him. In order to make himself feel better, he got himself a goose that helped him do all his usual active daily tasks. This was all good and well until the goose itself got old and worn out from being so active. King O'Toole was once again sad and angry at his miserable old age. One day, a man approaches the King, who happens to be Saint Kavin. Saint Kavin offers the King to make his old goose new again, which makes the King extremely happy and excited. Before healing the goose, Saint Kavin asks for the land that the goose flies over and the King agrees to give it to him He stays true to his word, and after the goose is flying like new again, he tells the Saint that the last acre of land he has is his. This is when Saint Kavin reveals himself and blesses the King until both the King and the goose die. I think this story would be great to base my own story off of because I like the idea of deception for a good cause. I could definitely change it up to make it more modern, but I like the background of this story. I could make a more modern story of a undercover cop fooling an upstanding citizen or something of the sort. I'm not sure how I would incorporate a goose into a modern story, but maybe I could use another animal or object to take place of the goose. I could also throw in a big twist in the original story and have King O'Toole go back on his word and write about the consequences of that decision. I think that would be an interest side of the story to include. Overall, there are many ways for me to expand upon this story that I'm excited to see how it turns out.

King O'Toole's goose; Wikipedia

Bibliography

Celtic Fairy Tales by Joseph Jacobs

Reading Notes (A): Celtic Fairy Tales

Connla and the Fairy Maiden

Connla is approached by a fairy maiden from the Plains of the Ever Living. She describes this place as one of neither death nor sin, where there is always joy and never any problems. This maiden sounds great, right? Well unfortunately, Connla was the only one who could see the maiden, as his father Conn the King, was perplexed by his son's behavior of speaking to himself. The fairy maiden replies that she is in love with Connla and had come to take him back to where she lives. The King is worried about what he hears, even though he cannot see her, and seeks help. Coran performs a spell in the general direction of the unseen maiden and she disappears, but not before she throws an apple towards Connla. It was an apple that regenerated every time he was hungry. He ate nothing for a month except for that apple. At the end of the month, the maiden returns and successfully woos Connla to come with her. I think this would be an interesting story to build off of for my storytelling assignment this week, especially the part about where she comes from.

The Field of Boliauns 

Tom Fitzpatrick comes across what seems to be a leprechaun with a bottle of beer in the bushes. The beer is made of heath according to the leprechaun, which makes Tom keen to try it. Unfortunately, the leprechaun refuses and Tom gets angry and demands money from the leprechaun. The leprechaun becomes frightened and agrees to take Tom to it. The money is buried under a boliaun, but Tom doesn't have a shovel so he takes a chance and runs back to his house to grab one. Upon returning, he realized that the Leprechaun tricked him and that there were too many boliauns to dig under all of them. This is a great trick that I could write my story about this week. I may associate this trick with modern day times in order to make it more relatable to everyone.

Leprechaun; Wikimedia

Bibliography

Celtic Fairy Tales by Joseph Jacobs

Week 10 Storytelling: Left Behind

The old man watched as one by one, people ascended into the upper world. There were four ladders placed in position for people to climb up, each of a different color. As more and more people went up, the makeshift ladders began to wear down until there was only one ladder left. By the time the last of the people had gone up, the last ladder, too, was worn out. The old man looked at his equally old wife and wondered what they were going to do. They were too old to make it up these ladders into the upper world, and even if they could, there were no working ladders left to make it safely.

"Take us out!" yelled the old man. "Don't leave us here!"

The people stopped and looked back at the old, feeble couple but did not make an effort to take them out. After all, they all thought the couple wouldn't survive the journey upwards anyways so it was a lost cause. They kept on walking and began to explore the new world without any more thought of the old couple.

The man looked at his wife in disbelief, fuming over the fact that they had been left behind. "Why would they do that? Why were they leaving us behind in this godforsaken underworld?" he thought to himself.

The old woman called back up to the people, "You will come back here to us."

The people who heard the woman wondered what she meant. Surely they would have no reason to go back to the awful underworld. They took the old woman's words as nonsense and paid no more attention to the old couple. Little did they know that the woman was a witch who knew spells that could do unimaginable things to people. She had lived happily in the underworld with people she trusted, so until now, she had no reason to use spells or even let people know she was a witch. Things had changed today, though, and the old couple knew that the others were not to be trusted anymore. It was time to take action and get even.

While the others were up exploring the water-laden upper world, the old lady was hard at work preparing her spell. While the others knew what water was, they had no idea what rain was or why the upper world was covered in so much water since they had lived in the underworld their whole lives. The witch, however, knew of stories that talked about great storms causing lots of chaos. She wanted to cast a spell that would cause a storm so bad that the others would be forced to back down in order to survive.

Twenty minutes later, the spell was complete. "Make the storms rage and batter the upper world until the others have no desire to stay there!" she exclaimed as she finished the spell.

In the upper world, the people noticed that the sun was rapidly vanishing behind a wall of thick, dark storm clouds. To them, this was a novel experience and had no idea they were in for the biggest scare of their lives. As the clouds grew darker, the wind began to pick up until it was howling. Then came the sheets of rain just being dumped from the sky. Thunder rumbled across the sky as it was lit up with blinding lightning strikes. Within seconds, the people were soaked with no shelter in sight. They were bewildered that water was pouring down from the skies. As they looked up in shock, large balls of ice began to fall and knock people out. They yelled out in pain, trying to protect their heads from the painful onslaught of hail. In the distance, a funnel-shaped cloud was beginning to descend to the ground, and with it came strong winds and lots of debris. In fact, there was so much debris and so much wind that people were picked up into the air and thrown hundreds of feet into the air before landing in a crumpled heap.

The only option was to go back into the underworld if they wanted to survive. The remaining people fought their way back to the entrance of the underworld just as the tornado was about to swallow them up. They closed their eyes and jumped blindly back into the underworld. The fall was so deep that most ended up being knocked out upon contact with the ground. After opening their eyes, the first thing the people noticed was the old couple calmly drinking tea as if nothing had happened. The old man looked like he was clueless,  almost as if he was under the spell of the woman. The old woman had a creepy smirk on her face as if she was amused.

"I told you that you'd be back," she whispered to the people before letting out a wicked laugh.

Tornado; Wikimedia Commons

Author's Note

In the original Apache creation story, people in the underworld discover a mountain that has reeds that grow up into the upper world. Unfortunately, four girls go to the top and tie the reeds in knots so that they stop growing. This leaves the people unable to reach the top. However, they have four ladders that they use to get to the upper world. After all the ladders have been worn out, an old man and woman are still left in the underworld. They call out to the others trying to get them to help, but ultimately they are left behind. At this point of the story, the old couple is left behind and eventually become rulers of the world of the dead. The manner in which they become rulers of the dead was not mentioned.  I wanted to focus my story on them and how they felt about getting left behind in the underworld. I also wanted to portray them as sinister and wanting to get revenge for the selfishness of the others. I thought it was fitting to make the old woman's character an undercover witch so she could use a spell. Also, since we are now right in the middle of tornado season, I thought it would be a great idea to somehow incorporate that into story for this week. Ultimately I decided to have the old lady/witch cast a spell in order to cause a tornado that would drive the others back into the underworld. 

Bibliography

The Emergence from Apache Tales by P.E. Goddard